Catégorie : droits de l’homme

Situation des droits de l’homme à Cuba, répression et prisonniers politiques

  • Today, while I publish this text, thousands of students from Havana are sitting in front of their mathematics exam. The schedule for admission to the University has had to incorporate a new test date for this subject, after a scandalous case of fraud. The leaking and selling of the questions ended with the cancellation of the previous test results, three teachers arrested, and an unknown number of students investigated.

    Although fraudulent practices are common in Cuban schools, this case has provoked a profound reflection in our society, including in the official press. We have seen on our small screens dozens of interviews with people who repudiate cheating by copying another, and the lie of procured knowledge you don’t have. Few, if any, reflect on the environment of hypocrisies, double standards and simulations in which these teenager, now between sixteen and seventeen, have come of age.

    This batch of students has been educated under educational experiments such as the so-called « emerging teachers. » Is it a greater fraud to put someone at the front of a classroom and call them a teacher when they possess neither the ethical values nor the knowledge to exercise such a worthy profession? How can we ask them to be honest, if the TV screen from which they receive their tele-classes never managed to transmit adequate moral codes? It is these kids, at this very minute seated in front of the math test, the children of my generation, who are surrounded by artificial academic results and inflated credentials.

    It is worth remembering that for decades the schools and teachers whose classes failed to achieve grades of 90 or almost 100, were scolded, stripped of their credentials, and even administratively and materially penalized. Those were the days when from the dais Fidel Castro read the academic results of the high schools with their elevated promotion rate, knowing — in his heart — that this was a huge lie created for him.

    It turns out that the teachers often dictate the exam questions in advance, walking among the desks of those who take longer, to whisper the answers to them or, simply, leave the room so the students are left alone to copy the answers from each other. Those of us who studied hard were always frustrated by the complicity of so many teachers and education experts with the practice of academic fraud. We are the parents of this generation that is today being evaluated in Havana’s classrooms. How could they have turned out differently? How can we ask them not to do what they have seen done?

    Yoani Sánchez, Havana | 26 May 2014 | 14ymedio

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    Reaping the Whirlwind: Academic Fraud in Cuba

  • A la suite de la création du nouveau site de la blogueuse Yoani Sanchez à Cuba, il se trouve aujourd’hui bloqué (AFP).

    Hier je discutais avec un ami sur l’importance du journalisme dans l’actuelle situation cubaine. Lui voulait me convaincre de rejoindre son parti d’opposition et moi je lui rappelais qu’une personne qui informe ne doit montrer un militantisme d’aucune sorte. C’était une conversation affectueuse, parsemée de plaisanteries, mais qui exposait clairement les différentes positions que doivent assumer un informateur et un politicien.

    Maintenant je suis ici, me rappelant la conversation que j’ai eu il y a quelques heures et publiant sur mon blog personnel le visage et le nom d’un rêve partagé. Un média qui, nous l’espérons, aide et accompagne la nécessaire transition qui arrivera dans notre pays. Un espace dédié à la narration d’une réalité où il y a des gens comme mon ami, mais aussi d’autres personnes qui applaudissent le système actuel, par conviction, opportunisme ou par peur. Un espace pour raconter Cuba depuis l’intérieur même de Cuba.

    Le chemin sera difficile. Durant les dernières semaines, nous avons vécu un aperçu de comment la propagande officielle tentera de nous diaboliser pour avoir créer ce média. Déjà, plusieurs personnes de notre équipe de travail ont reçu des avertissements de la part de la Sécurité d’État. Cependant, nous n’avons aucune raison d’avoir honte. 14ymedio est né sans rien à cacher. L’information à propos de sa ligne éditoriale, des engagements éthiques et financiers, pourra être lue sur la page du site internet qui sera lancé à partir du 21 mai. Même si nous aurions voulu qu’il soit opérationnel plus tôt, je dois reconnaître que la technologie est parfois très… très capricieuse.

    Pour ceux qui se demandent pourquoi un tel nom, si particulier et différent, la vérité est que nous naissons dans un appartement situé au quatorzième étage et que nous sommes en l’an 2014. De plus y est greffé le « Y » qui m’a accompagné durant toutes ces années et le mot « medio » (média, en français) avec toutes ses connotations journalistiques. Nous avons voulu éviter de nous approprier le nom de « Cuba » pour l’utiliser dans notre bannière et à sa place nous avons choisi le plus universel des codes : les nombres.

    À présent, il ne lui reste plus qu’à vous plaire, qu’il vous fasse réagir et vous apporte de l’information. Merci d’avance !

    2014-05-21-14ymedio_logo.jpg

    Traduit par Aïda

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    14ymedio

  • I don’t remember the title of the movie, nor the director, nor even if I saw it at a movie theater or on TV. I just remember the scene, a brief moment in which the protagonist takes off his coat and gives it to his friend. He confesses to him that the garment, modern, leather, was his dream. « Go, so that you can have higher dreams, » he snaps while handing over the object of his desires.

    When a project that has been desired for too long is realized, we get the feeling that we must set ourselves new goals. 14ymedio.com has been my obsession for more than four years. First, I felt it needed to be born so that its information could contribute to Cubans deciding their own destiny with greater maturity. Later came the question of how to achieve it, and, from there, the drafting of a timeline as necessary as it was difficult to meet.

    There was also a long period when my friends snickered as I talked about it. « The crazy newspaper woman, » more than one person called me. The most difficult part, however, was — and remains — giving this fantasy a real life. The stumbles have been innumerable. From the taxes for a power that sees in information a gesture of treason, to confronting the skepticism of some friends. But obsessions are like that, they tend not to let themselves be defeated too easily.

    Today, I have achieved a dream. Unlike the character in that movie, it’s not a piece of clothing but a space for journalism in which many colleagues accompany me. Born with a desire to reach many readers within and outside of Cuba, offering a full spectrum of news, opinion columns and information about the reality of our Island. It will take a lot of work, there is no doubt. We will grow little by little, trying to ensure the quality of every published piece.

    Now I can have higher dreams: In a year, perhaps we will be at the corner kiosk. Who knows?

    See more here:
    14ymedio Is Born: Now I Can Dream Even Higher

  • Climbing into a collective taxi at midday, with its whole body heated by the sun and creaking at every pothole, is a shocking experience. You duck your head and make yourself small to sit on the improvised seats. A loose thread hanging from your pants leg or skirt catches on a badly set screw, its metal tip never rounded off. Then comes the hardest test: accepting the driver’s musical taste, which is playing full blast. But it’s also a unique sociological experience, a journalistic look that calls you to reflect on this peculiar reality we inhabit.

    Some days ago I boarded one of these old « submersibles » that roll through Havana. Pure scrap metal but with the powerful speakers of a disco. The reggaeton was deafening. Most of the lyrics were sexist, repetitive… predictable, until there was one that got me thinking. The singer was making fun of someone and spit at them, « Ah… you’re not in the package. » It only lasted a few seconds, « Ah… you’re not in the package, » but it was enough. He was referring, perhaps, to another musician or artist who didn’t appear in the compilations of the so-called « combos, » selections of audiovisuals distributed in alternative ways, which the government abhors.

    It’s noteworthy that in the popular repertoire, to be left out of the « package » means to be at the lowest rung of popularity. If a certain video clip, documentary, or movie isn’t included in these alternative compilations, it’s a sign of lack of fame. Most striking is when people have the ability to put together their own « television programming, » in those gigabytes of soap operas, documentaries or musicals… they never include the official programs. That is, the Roundtable show could be the target of the acid chorus, « Ah… you’re not in the package, » and it’s true, of the primetime news, the political events and whatever speech or government declaration is broadcast on the national channels.

    The voice of the Cuban Communist Party has been left out of the « package »… because it’s boring, bland, repetitive… and lacks credibility.

    Read this article:
    A Cuban Insult: ‘Ah… You’re Not in the Package’

  • Yesterday I was arguing with a friend about the importance of journalism in the current Cuban situation. He wanted to convince me to join his opposition party and I reminded him that a reporter should not have any kind of militancy. It was an affectionate conversation, peppered with jokes, but one which made clear the different positions that must be taken by a reporter versus a politician.

    Now here I am, remembering the conversation of a few hours ago and posting on my personal blog the face and name of a shared dream. A medium that we hope will support and accompany the necessary transition that is going to take place in our country. A space dedicated to narrating a reality where there are people like my friend, but also other people who applaud the current system, out of conviction, opportunism or fear. A space to report on Cuba from within Cuba.

    It will be a difficult road. In recent weeks we have seen a preview of how official propaganda will demonize us for creating this medium. Already, in fact, several people on our work team have received the first warning calls from State Security. However, we have no reason to be hesitant. 14ymedio emerges with nothing to hide. Information regarding its editorial approach, ethics and financial commitments will be available on our web page which will go live on May 21. Although we had hoped to have it working today, I have to admit that technology is, at times, extremely capricious.

    For those who are wondering why this name, so unique and different, the fact is that we originate from the fourteenth floor in the fourteenth year. In addition, it includes the « Y » that has accompanied me all these years, and the word « media » with all its journalistic connotations. We wanted to shy away from appropriating the name of Cuba for use on our masthead, and instead we have chosen the most universal of codes: numbers.

    Now, all that’s missing is that it pleases you, generates debate, and provides you with information. Thanks in advance!


    My blog, GENERATION Y, has moved: READ IT HERE.

    Read me and other Cuban bloggers on TRANSLATING CUBA.

    And here is a link to my blog IN OTHER LANGUAGES.

    Read More:
    14ymedio: A New Newspaper Is About To Be Born in Cuba


  • Photo from http://www.ojocientifico.com/

    What does the insect caught in the web feel as it watches its predator approach? What are its thoughts in the seconds between the anticipation of the attack and death? It must be a lot like the days in which a repressive trap is built around an individual, a group, a society. Similar to that script that builds the justifications for a blow, molding public opinion, filling in the archive that will later be presented to the press or the courts.

    The current strategy against the Cuban opposition resembles the slow creep of the spider’s legs toward its victim.

    We are living in a soap opera episode-by-episode, an attempt to demonize technologies and the dissidence, who knows if to repeat those dark days of the Black Spring of March 2003. The blow approaches, in the insistence in which the press repeats certain refrains, its obsession with themes like Zunzuneo and trying to link it with the violence of four supposed terrorists recently discovered in the country. Like in a bad TV show, the threads are showing in the tying together of mobile phones, Twitter, death and war. Fortunately these soap operas barely work any more on a Cuban public too focused on their daily needs, overwhelmed by material shortages, saturated with ideology and obsessed more with escapism than with civic consciousness.

    The trap is almost set. Will it be used? Who knows. But there’s not much that can be done to stop it, except to denounce it. At the end of the story the spider is always bigger, stronger, more imposing.


    My blog, GENERATION Y, has moved: READ IT HERE.

    Read me and other Cuban bloggers on TRANSLATING CUBA.

    And here is a link to my blog IN OTHER LANGUAGES.

    Continue Reading:
    Cuba: Repression as Soap Opera

  • Les cris, les banderoles, les slogans récités par des milliers de voix, réveillent en lui des sensations endormies, éteintes. Il regarde la marée humaine qui passe devant la tribune et des pulsations irrégulières battent dans sa poitrine. Le visage rouge, les pupilles dilatées, le poil hérissé, la mâchoire sous tension. Ce sont les premiers symptômes de l’excitation que provoquent les foules sur les leaders.

    Un rituel qui demande de lever la main à certains moments, pour écarter la solitude qu’apporte le pouvoir. Les autocrates s’inventent des marches, d’immenses processions, des défilés fastueux (« les plus grands du monde ») dans lesquels ils jouissent de leur propre autorité. Ils savent qu’eux, et seulement eux, peuvent obliger des millions de personnes à quitter leurs lits (aux premières lueurs du jour), les faire monter dans des bus, relever le nom de chaque personne présente et les faire défiler sur une grande place. Pour faire savoir clairement qui le leur demande, ils font passer le message à travers la foule qui scande leurs noms, les vénère et les remercie.

    Une « masse » qu’ils n’oseraient jamais rabaisser, qu’ils ne fréquentent pas, qu’ils craignent et qu’ils (au fond) n’aiment pas.

    Sur la place de la Révolution, une personne âgée avec des lunettes de soleil préside la cérémonie du premier mai. Plusieurs jours avant, il avait fait inspecter chaque toit à proximité du lieu, il a placé des gardes aux points les plus hauts de la ville et évalué les possibilités de se faire tirer dessus pendant qu’il est à la tribune. Son propre petit-fils se tient à ses côtés pour le protéger et une flottille de voitures l’attendent « au cas où il se passe quelque chose » et qu’il doive s’échapper. Il n’a pas confiance en cette même foule qu’il a pourtant fait venir.

    L’autocrate a peur de son propre peuple. Peur et méfiance. Le sentiment est mutuel. Il sait que les centaines de milliers de petites têtes qu’il voit depuis les hauteurs sont là… parce qu’ils le craignent, et non parce qu’ils l’aiment.

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    Joyeux 7e anniversaire!

    À l’âge de sept ans, j’avais un sourire incomplet. Je perdais mes dents de lait et je lisais toutes les affiches que je voyais dans la rue. C’était un temps d’apprentissage et de genoux égratignés à force de tomber en jouant. Aujourd’hui, je souffle sur ce même nombre de bougies d’anniversaire, sur un gâteau imaginaire. Cette fois ce n’est pas pour moi, mais c’est pour la créature virtuelle née le 9 avril 2007 et qui est aussi passée par l’étape dentitions, fièvres, rires et chutes.

    Le blog Génération Y fête son anniversaire, avec presque un millier de posts publiés, près d’un million et demi de commentaires, plusieurs amis perdus et d’autres gagnés.

    Durant tout ce temps, je n’ai pas souffert de l’horreur de la page blanche. Au contraire, je sens que ni le temps ni le difficile accès à Internet ne m’ont empêchée de raconter toute cette réalité cubaine qui se montre à mes yeux. Ce blog a désormais sa propre vie. Il respire dans chacun de ses lecteurs et a une existence parallèle où je ne peux le saisir, le cacher, le protéger.

    L’épreuve de la peur du début est passée, de la diabolisation officielle, de la méfiance de tant de gens, des bugs techniques et même de l’instinct de survie qui m’a dit plus d’une fois qu’il fallait tout arrêter. Il est ainsi, avec ses blessures et l’expérience de ses sept années.

    Une nouvelle étape commence bientôt. Génération Y déménage dans sa nouvelle demeure, à l’intérieur d’un journal en ligne, collectif et moderne. Au prochain anniversaire, il y aura d’autres visages sur la photo. Soufflons d’ores et déjà des bougies pour eux !

    Traduit par Aïda

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    View article:
    Raúl Castro: un homme seul dans la foule


  • Raul Castro during a public event

    The shouts, the posters, the slogans in a million voice chorus, awaken dormant, extinct sensations. Seeing the sea of people passing in front of the platform, his heart skips a beat in his chest. The red face, dilated pupils, goosebumps and tension in the jaw. They are the first symptoms of the excitement crowds provoke in caudillos. A ritual they need to dip their hand into from time to time, to avoid the solitude of power.

    Autocrats invent marches, huge processions, lavish parades — « the biggest in the world » — to rejoice in their own authority. They know that they, and only they, can force a million people out of their beds in the early hours, load them onto buses, write down the names of every attendee, and set them to marching through a great plaza. To make it clear who’s the boss, to send a message by way of a crowd chanting their name, worshiping them and giving thanks. A « mass » that would never dare to stand down, people whom they don’t rub shoulders with, whom they fear and who — deep inside — they despise.

    Today, in the Plaza of the Revolution, an elderly man in sunglasses will preside over the May Day event. Days ahead of time every rooftop near the place has been checked out and guards have been posted at the highest points in the city, calculating how a shot could be fired at the platform. His own grandson will remain close to protect him and a fleet of cars will be waiting « in case something happens » and he has to escape. He doesn’t trust the very crowd that he himself has summoned.

    The autocrat is afraid of his own people. Fear and suspicion. The feeling is mutual. He knows that the hundreds of thousands of heads he looks down upon are there… because they fear him, not because they love him.


    My blog, GENERATION Y, has moved: READ IT HERE.

    Read me and other Cuban bloggers on TRANSLATING CUBA.

    And here is a link to my blog IN OTHER LANGUAGES.

    View article:
    Raul Castro: Man Alone in the Crowd